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linux:scripts:basics

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linux:scripts:basics [2014/10/01 13:21] – lunetikklinux:scripts:basics [2021/01/07 14:55] (current) – lunetikk
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- 
-===== Linux Commands ===== 
- 
-^  Command  ^  Function  ^ 
-|  cd /blabla/  |  cd (change directory), changes the current directory to blabla  |\\ 
-|  pwd  |  shows current directory  |\\ 
-|  ls  |  shows all files and folders in the current directory in one line -> confusing)  |\\ 
-|  ll  |  = ls –al ->  shows all files and folders + owner + size, 1 item each line  |\\ 
-|  alias  |  shows alias like „..“ for „cd ..“  |\\ 
-|  cat [textfile]  |  displays the full file  |\\ 
-|  tail [-f -n 20]  |  displays the last 20 lines of the file – extension „–f“ refreshes the file, extension „–n 20“ displays the last 20 lines  |\\ 
-|  head  |  same a tail but it displays the first lines  |\\ 
-|  touch [file]  |  create a file / refresh the timestamp  |\\ 
-|  chmod 777 [file]  |  change rights of a file  |\\ 
-|  chown user:group [directory] –R  |  change owner and group, -R changes the complete directory including files and subdirectorys  |\\ 
-|  useradd –m  |  add a user  |\\ 
-|  groupadd  |  add a group  |\\ 
-|  cp source target [-r -a]  | copy data, -r copy directory, -a keep the rights  |\\ 
-|  mv source target  |  move file or directory  |\\ 
-|  rm –r  |  removes a directory with all data in it / rmdir only removes empty directorys  |\\ 
-|  cut –d : -f 1,3  |  : is the delimiter and 1 and 3 are the columns  |\\ 
-|  echo " " > test.sh  |  deletes the entries of a textfile  |\\ 
-|  which sutp  |  shows path of sutp  |\\ 
-|  echo $?  |  0 = success of the last command  |\\ 
-|  env  |  run a program in a modified environment    |\\ 
-|  uptime  |  shows how long your machine is running  |\\ 
-|  mkdir –p /abc/abc  |  create a directory including a subdirectory  |\\ 
-|  rpm –ivh  |  install a rpm file (install verbose hash)  |\\ 
-|  mount /dev/[cdrom, sr, hdc or tabtab]  |  mount VMWaretools  |\\ 
- 
- 
-===== Debian Commands ===== 
- 
-^  Command  ^  Function  ^  
-|  apt-cache search [Package]  |  search for [Package] (example nano)  |\\ 
-|  apt-get install [Package]  |  installs [Package]  |\\ 
-|  apt-get update  |  update sources.list  |\\ 
-|  apt-get upgrade  |  update all installed packages  |\\ 
-|  apt-get remove [Package]  |  remove [Package]  |\\ 
-|  apt-get purge [Package]  |  remove [Package] and its configs  |\\ 
-|  dkpg --install [Package.deb]  |  installs offline packages  |\\ 
-|  aptitude install [Package]  |  installs [Package] alt. apt-get  |\\ 
-|  service [Service] start/stop  |  start/stop a service (rc for Suse)  |\\ 
- 
- 
-\\ 
-== EasterEggs == 
- 
-^  Command  ^  Function  ^  
-|  apt-get moo  |  Try it out ;)  |\\ 
-|  aptitude moo  |  Try it out and add aptitude -v[vvvvv] moo ;)  |\\ 
- 
- 
- 
 ====== Script ====== ====== Script ======
  
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 |  $VAR  |  inserts var whereever $VAR is placed  | |  $VAR  |  inserts var whereever $VAR is placed  |
 |  case - esac  |  inserts case  | |  case - esac  |  inserts case  |
-|  if - fi  |  inserts if  |+|  if [ "var" == "var" ]; then fi  |  inserts if  | 
 + 
 +==== if conditions ==== 
 + 
 +^  Operator  ^ Description  ^ 
 +|  -eq  |  Returns true if two numbers are equivalent  | 
 +|  -lt  |  Returns true if a number is less than another number  | 
 +|  -gt  |  Returns true if a number is greater than another number  | 
 +|  ==  |  Returns true if two strings are equivalent  | 
 +|  !=  |  Returns true if two strings are not equivalent  | 
 +|  !  |  Returns true if the expression is false  | 
 +|  -d  |  Check the existence of a directory  | 
 +|  -e  |  Check the existence of a file  | 
 +|  -r  |  Check the existence of a file and read permission  | 
 +|  -w  |  Check the existence of a file and write permission  | 
 +|  -x  |  Check the existence of a file and execute permission  | 
 +|  -z  |  string is null, that is, has zero length  | 
 +|  -n  |  string is not null.  | 
 + 
 +https://tldp.org/LDP/abs/html/comparison-ops.html
  
 ===== Troubleshooting ===== ===== Troubleshooting =====
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 ==== Interpreter error ==== ==== Interpreter error ====
  
-Problem: \\+=== Problem: ===
 Running your script prompts interpreter error\\ Running your script prompts interpreter error\\
  
-Fix: \\+=== Fix: ===
 Open your script with vi and execute the following Open your script with vi and execute the following
 <code> :set fileformat=unix </code> <code> :set fileformat=unix </code>
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 ==== Not enough rights ==== ==== Not enough rights ====
  
-Problem: \\+=== Problem: ===
 Running your script requires more rights Running your script requires more rights
  
-Fix:\\ +=== Fix: === 
-Make your script runable by executing the following code+Make your script executable with the following command
 <code>chmod +x [scriptname].sh</code> <code>chmod +x [scriptname].sh</code>
 +\\ 
 +\\ 
 +~~DISCUSSION:closed~~
  
linux/scripts/basics.1412162518.txt.gz · Last modified: 2017/03/01 12:50 (external edit)

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